sqlite> .version
SQLite 3.37.2 2022-01-06 13:25:41 872ba256cbf61d9290b571c0e6d82a20c224ca3ad82971edc46b29818d5dalt1
zlib version 1.2.11
gcc-11.4.0
sqlite> SELECT JSON_GROUP_ARRAY(data.i) FROM (SELECT "[1,0]" AS i UNION SELECT "[3,1]" AS i) AS data;
["[1,0]","[3,1]"]
sqlite> SELECT JSON_GROUP_ARRAY(JSON(data.i)) FROM (SELECT "[1,0]" AS i UNION SELECT "[3,1]" AS i) AS data;
[[1,0],[3,1]]

# vs

sqlite> .version
SQLite 3.45.1 2024-01-30 16:01:20 e876e51a0ed5c5b3126f52e532044363a014bc594cfefa87ffb5b82257ccalt1
zlib version 1.3
gcc-13.3.0 (64-bit)
sqlite> SELECT JSON_GROUP_ARRAY(data.i) FROM (SELECT "[1,0]" AS i UNION SELECT "[3,1]" AS i) AS data;
"[""[1,0]"",""[3,1]""]"
sqlite> SELECT JSON_GROUP_ARRAY(JSON(data.i)) FROM (SELECT "[1,0]" AS i UNION SELECT "[3,1]" AS i) AS data;
"[[1,0],[3,1]]"

sqlite> .version
SQLite 3.37.2 2022-01-06 13:25:41 872ba256cbf61d9290b571c0e6d82a20c224ca3ad82971edc46b29818d5dalt1
zlib version 1.2.11
gcc-11.4.0
sqlite> SELECT json_array("[1,2]");
["[1,2]"]
sqlite> SELECT json_array(json("[1,2]"));
[[1,2]]

vs

sqlite> .version
SQLite 3.45.1 2024-01-30 16:01:20 e876e51a0ed5c5b3126f52e532044363a014bc594cfefa87ffb5b82257ccalt1
zlib version 1.3
gcc-13.3.0 (64-bit)
sqlite> SELECT json_array("[1,2]");
"[""[1,2]""]"
sqlite> SELECT json_array(json("[1,2]"));
"[[1,2]]"

» for i in {18..23}; do printf '%s ==> %s\n' "alpine:3.$i" "$(docker run -t alpine:3.$i sh -c 'apk add --no-cache sqlite; sqlite3 --version' | tail -n1)"; done
alpine:3.18 ==> 3.41.2 2023-03-22 11:56:21 0d1fc92f94cb6b76bffe3ec34d69cffde2924203304e8ffc4155597af0c191da
alpine:3.19 ==> 3.44.2 2023-11-24 11:41:44 ebead0e7230cd33bcec9f95d2183069565b9e709bf745c9b5db65cc0cbf92c0f (64-bit)
alpine:3.20 ==> 3.45.3 2024-04-15 13:34:05 8653b758870e6ef0c98d46b3ace27849054af85da891eb121e9aaa537f1e8355 (64-bit)
alpine:3.21 ==> 3.48.0 2025-01-14 11:05:00 d2fe6b05f38d9d7cd78c5d252e99ac59f1aea071d669830c1ffe4e8966e84010 (64-bit)
alpine:3.22 ==> 3.49.2 2025-05-07 10:39:52 17144570b0d96ae63cd6f3edca39e27ebd74925252bbaf6723bcb2f6b4861fb1 (64-bit)
alpine:3.23 ==> 3.51.2 2026-01-09 17:27:48 b270f8339eb13b504d0b2ba154ebca966b7dde08e40c3ed7d559749818cb2075 (64-bit)